Are PBDE flame retardants in old furniture a concern during pregnancy?

What they are

PBDEs are flame retardants once used in furniture foam, mattresses, carpet padding, and electronics. Many PBDEs were phased out, but they can remain in older household items.

As old foam and electronics age, PBDEs can collect in house dust. Pregnancy and early childhood are important times to reduce dust exposure because babies are still developing.

What the study found

A 2026 study in International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health measured PBDE levels in pregnant people and checked bone mineral density in their children at age 12.

The study found that higher pregnancy levels of BDE-153, one PBDE chemical, were linked with lower femoral neck bone mineral density in children. Some other PBDE results were weaker or differed by sex.

This was an observational study, so it does not prove PBDEs caused weaker bones. It does support a practical choice: lower exposure to old foam dust when you can.

What to do

Replace crumbling old foam when possible. Wet-dust often. Use a HEPA vacuum if you have one. Wash hands before eating, especially for toddlers who play on floors.

For nursery setup, focus first on the sleep area. Choose simple, clearly labeled crib textiles, and avoid old foam pieces that shed dust.