Can microplastics in your body lower sperm quality?

What's actually in it

Microplastics reach the male reproductive system through the bloodstream. You absorb them from food packaging, water bottles, synthetic clothing fibers, and household dust. Once in the blood, they can pass through the blood-testis barrier and reach the testes where sperm are made.

Male fertility has been declining for decades in many countries. Sperm counts have dropped by more than 50% in some regions since the 1970s. Researchers are investigating whether plastic pollution is a contributing factor.

What the research says

A 2026 study in Environ Res analyzed semen samples from men and measured the microplastics in each sample. The researchers then compared particle levels to standard measures of sperm quality.

Men with higher microplastic counts in their semen had lower sperm concentration, reduced motility (how well sperm swim), and more abnormally shaped sperm. All three factors are important for fertility.

The most common plastics found were polyethylene and polystyrene, matching the materials in food packaging and disposable containers. The particles were small enough to enter cells and disrupt the delicate process of sperm production.

The study adds to growing evidence that plastic pollution is reaching the most intimate parts of the human body and affecting reproductive health.

Men trying to conceive can lower their exposure by using glass and stainless steel for food and drinks, avoiding heating food in plastic, and choosing natural fiber clothing.